"Coal Car" was the term more widely used by the general public for the cars that the railroads designated as hopper cars

In either case, this type of car had doors in the bottom of the car which when opened allowed the coal or other load to fall out, unloading the car by gravity

In the winter, railroads had heating facilites to heat the coal cars and unfreeze the coal so it would unload

Some railroads, including the Lackawanna's Hoboken facility, had mechanism which rotated the entire car upside down for even faster unloading

Solid coal trains of 100 or more cars were common up until the days that oil and gas replaced coal as the main fuel for household heating

On the Lackawanna Boonton Line, which was 4 tracks wide) the center two tracks were devoted to the'coal drags' which were long trains (sometimes exceeding 100 cars) with nothing both coal cars running from Scranton to NYC and Hoboken

Eastbound trains were loaded with coal, cars on the westbound trains were empty being returned to the mines

The coal drags were usually headed by Mikados, and they typically traveled at about 20 miles pe hour in each direction, with sometime 3 or 4 per hour going through

The two outside tracks were resrved for the hourly (or more frequently) Boonton line passenger trains, and forthe high speed fast freight trains generally pulled by 4- 8-4 Poconos at unbelievably high speeds

One could hear a steam engine at almost any time, day or night along that line

Lionel produced hoppers in tow basic sizes, the shorted 8 9/16 inch size, and longer hopper, frequently with cover

Hugh quantites of hoppers were included in many sets produced from 1946 thru 1969

One unique short hopper had operating doors on the bottom and was designed to work with the Lionel coal rampWhat fun it was (and still is)